Which child would benefit the LEAST from a nonrebreathing mask?

A nonrebreathing mask is designed to deliver a high concentration of oxygen to patients in respiratory distress or those who are not adequately oxygenating. However, the effectiveness of this device relies heavily on the ability of the patient to maintain a patent airway and breathe effectively.

In the scenario described, the unresponsive 5-year-old male with shallow respirations would benefit the least from a nonrebreathing mask because his lack of responsiveness suggests a compromised airway and insufficient respiratory effort. The mask may not provide the intended benefits as it relies on the patient being able to initiate and maintain adequate ventilation. If the child is not alert or able to respond, he may not be able to create the necessary seal required for the mask to function properly, and the risk of inadequate oxygenation is high.

In contrast, the alert 6-year-old with deep respirations and the 4-year-old experiencing moderate distress likely have a patent airway and can utilize the mask effectively to improve their oxygen saturation. The 7-year-old with normal respiratory effort may not require supplemental oxygen, but if used, it wouldn't cause harm while providing some additional oxygen.

Therefore, the nonrebreathing mask is best suited for patients who can maintain an airway and have an appropriate respiratory effort,